A criticism of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy is that it was developed based on residents of the United States. Compared to the others, in which country's culture would security needs be much stronger than self-actualization needs?

• A. Norway
• B. Japan
• C. Sweden
• D. Switzerland

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is a psychological theory proposing that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, starting from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
2. Recognize that Maslow's hierarchy was developed based on Western cultural values, particularly those prevalent in the United States, which may not universally apply to all cultures.
3. Consider the cultural context of each country listed. In some cultures, collective security and social harmony may be prioritized over individual self-actualization.
4. Analyze Japan's cultural values, which emphasize group harmony, social stability, and security, often placing these needs above individual pursuits of self-actualization.
5. Compare this with the cultural values of Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland, which may have different emphases on individualism and self-actualization, potentially aligning more closely with Maslow's original hierarchy.