The biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals are called

• A. stimuli.
• B. motives.
• C. needs.
• D. instincts.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the concept of 'instincts' in psychology. Instincts are innate, biologically determined patterns of behavior that are present in both humans and animals.
2. Differentiate instincts from other related concepts such as stimuli, motives, and needs. Stimuli are external factors that can trigger a response, motives are internal desires that drive behavior, and needs are essential requirements for survival and well-being.
3. Recognize that instincts are not learned behaviors; they are inherent and often serve a survival function, such as the instinct to eat, reproduce, or protect oneself.
4. Consider examples of instincts in animals, such as migration patterns in birds or the nesting behavior of turtles, to understand how these behaviors are automatic and not learned.
5. Reflect on human instincts, such as the fight-or-flight response, which is an automatic reaction to perceived threats, illustrating how instincts operate in both people and animals.