Professor Johansson is interested in examining how study breaks influence memory. She allows one group of psychology students to take a single 15-minute break while another group of psychology students takes three 5-minute breaks. What is the dependent variable in this example?

• A. The topic introduced in the lecture
• B. The major of the students
• C. The students' memory of the material
• D. The number of study breaks allowed

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the independent variable: The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated by the researcher. In this case, it is the number and duration of study breaks (one 15-minute break vs. three 5-minute breaks).
2. Identify the dependent variable: The dependent variable is what is being measured or tested in the experiment. It is the outcome that may change due to the manipulation of the independent variable.
3. Consider the context of the study: Professor Johansson is interested in examining how study breaks influence memory. Therefore, the dependent variable should be related to memory.
4. Evaluate the options provided: The options include the topic introduced in the lecture, the major of the students, the students' memory of the material, and the number of study breaks allowed.
5. Determine the correct dependent variable: Since the study aims to examine the influence of study breaks on memory, the dependent variable is 'the students' memory of the material,' as it is the outcome being measured.