In Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer's classic study of emotion, volunteers were injected with epinephrine, a drug that

• A. causes people to feel angry, then happy.
• B. causes the same kind of physiological arousal that occurs during a strong emotional reaction.
• C. causes people to feel angry.
• D. has a calming effect after a strong emotion passes.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of Schachter and Singer's study, which is about the two-factor theory of emotion. This theory suggests that emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive label.
2. Recognize that epinephrine is a hormone that causes physiological arousal, similar to what one might experience during a strong emotional reaction.
3. Identify that the study involved observing how participants interpreted their physiological arousal when they were not informed about the effects of the injection.
4. Consider that the participants' emotional responses (feeling angry or happy) were influenced by the context and the information provided to them, demonstrating the cognitive labeling aspect of the theory.
5. Conclude that the correct interpretation of the study is that epinephrine causes the same kind of physiological arousal that occurs during a strong emotional reaction, which is then interpreted by the individual based on situational cues.