According to Craik and Lockhart, information that is _____ will be remembered more effectively and for a longer period of time.

• A. processed according to the sound of the physical characteristics of the words
• B. deeply processed
• C. repeated many times
• D. read

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of 'Levels of Processing' by Craik and Lockhart, which suggests that the depth of processing affects memory retention.
2. Identify the different levels of processing: shallow processing (e.g., focusing on physical characteristics) and deep processing (e.g., focusing on meaning).
3. Recognize that deep processing involves semantic processing, where information is encoded based on its meaning, leading to better retention.
4. Consider the options given: processing based on sound or physical characteristics, repetition, and reading, and evaluate which involves deeper processing.
5. Conclude that information processed deeply, by focusing on its meaning, will be remembered more effectively and for a longer period of time.