In his study of rats in mazes, Tolman concluded that the rats in the group that did not receive reinforcement for solving the maze had

• A. learned the maze by wandering around in it and forming a cognitive map.
• B. more interest in the reinforcement than did the other groups.
• C. learned to expect reinforcement every tenth day.
• D. been more motivated by the variable interval schedule of reinforcement.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of Tolman's study: Tolman conducted experiments with rats in mazes to explore the concept of latent learning and cognitive maps.
2. Identify the key concept: Tolman proposed that rats could learn the layout of a maze without direct reinforcement, forming a 'cognitive map' of the maze.
3. Analyze the options: Consider how each option relates to Tolman's findings on cognitive maps and latent learning.
4. Evaluate the role of reinforcement: Recognize that Tolman's study showed that rats could learn the maze without immediate reinforcement, which challenges traditional behaviorist views.
5. Conclude with the correct interpretation: The rats learned the maze by forming a cognitive map, demonstrating that learning can occur without direct reinforcement.