_____ is learning new behavior by watching a model perform that behavior.

• A. Vicarious conditioning
• B. Observational learning
• C. Learning/performance distinction
• D. Partial reinforcement effect

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key concept being asked about in the problem, which is learning new behavior by watching a model.
2. Understand that this concept is related to how individuals can acquire new behaviors without direct experience, but rather through observation.
3. Recognize that the term 'Observational learning' is often used to describe this process, where learning occurs by observing the actions of others and the consequences of those actions.
4. Differentiate observational learning from other concepts listed, such as 'Vicarious conditioning', which involves learning through the observation of others' experiences with rewards or punishments, and 'Learning/performance distinction', which refers to the difference between what has been learned and what is expressed in behavior.
5. Conclude that the correct term for learning new behavior by watching a model perform that behavior is 'Observational learning', as it directly describes the process of acquiring new behaviors through observation.