One way in which the social cognitive view differs from psychoanalytic theory is that it

• A. is still in use today.
• B. focuses mostly on internal processes.
• C. can be and has been tested under scientific conditions.
• D. centers on the effects of internal conflicts on personality.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the core principles of both social cognitive theory and psychoanalytic theory. Social cognitive theory emphasizes the role of observational learning, imitation, and modeling, while psychoanalytic theory focuses on unconscious processes and internal conflicts.
2. Consider the historical context and development of each theory. Psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, was one of the earliest theories of personality and focused on the influence of the unconscious mind. Social cognitive theory, developed by Albert Bandura, emerged later and incorporated elements of behaviorism and cognitive psychology.
3. Examine the scientific basis and empirical testing of each theory. Social cognitive theory is known for its testability and has been subjected to scientific research and experimentation, which is a key difference from psychoanalytic theory that relies more on qualitative analysis and case studies.
4. Analyze the focus of each theory. Social cognitive theory centers on observable behaviors and cognitive processes, while psychoanalytic theory delves into internal conflicts and the influence of early childhood experiences on personality development.
5. Reflect on the contemporary relevance and application of each theory. Social cognitive theory remains widely used in various fields such as education, therapy, and organizational behavior due to its adaptability and empirical support, whereas psychoanalytic theory is less commonly used in its original form but has influenced many modern psychological approaches.