Which circumstances are a physiological factor in causing hunger?

• A. Insulin is released, causing blood glucose levels to drop.
• B. Highly refined carbohydrates in the system cause glucagon levels to spike.
• C. The sympathetic nervous system signals the brain that the stomach is empty.
• D. Glucagon increases the level of glucose in the bloodstream.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of insulin in the body: Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.
2. Recognize the impact of blood glucose levels on hunger: When blood glucose levels drop, it can trigger feelings of hunger as the body signals the need for more energy.
3. Consider the role of highly refined carbohydrates: These can cause rapid spikes in blood glucose levels, followed by a quick drop, which may lead to increased hunger due to the subsequent decrease in glucose.
4. Examine the function of the sympathetic nervous system: This part of the autonomic nervous system can signal the brain about the body's energy needs, including when the stomach is empty, contributing to the sensation of hunger.
5. Understand the role of glucagon: Glucagon is a hormone that works opposite to insulin by increasing blood glucose levels, which can help maintain energy balance and influence hunger signals.