Hey, guys. So in this video, we're going to talk about a special kind of charging called Charging by induction. We saw how conduction works. Now you need to know the processes and steps involved in induction. There's not going to be a lot of calculations, but you definitely need to know. Let's check it out.
Conduction or induction is a method of charging objects without touching. We saw in the last video how conduction works with contacts. In other words, these objects have to touch. But the net effect of induction is that, just like conduction, the object is left with a net charge. So let's go through the steps one by one. The first is that you take a neutral conductor. So neutral means the same amount of positive and negative charges, and you connect it to something called the ground. Now this little symbol right here, these three bars, means the ground, and that ground is basically just a source and also a sink of electric charges. Now sources are things that freely give up electrons. They are a source of electrons and electric charges, while sinks receive electrons and electric charges. The most common type of ground is literally the physical ground that you stand on the earth. It is a massive reservoir of charges; it can freely give and also accept charges because overall, those small charges don't really have any impact on the overall charge of the earth. So you have these, you know, I'm just representing a billion charges or whatever an infinite amount of charges. So that's step one. You're going to connect this neutral conductor to the ground.
Step two is we're going to bring a positively charged rod near that conductor. Now there are a couple of things that are happening here. We saw in previous videos how, when you bring a charged rod close to a conductor, you have polarization. So all of these electric charges that have already existed inside of the neutral conductor will start to pile up on the left because they want to attract the positively charged rod, and the positive charges start to accumulate on the right-hand side. But now that you have a reservoir that you're connected to from this ground. What happens is that this step will pull charges or these charge rods will pull charges from the ground into the conductor, and they're starting to the conductor. So the electrons that are locked in these atoms will basically start following this connection up here, and basically, they'll pile up on the conductor again, trying to attract the positive charges from the rod.
Now I just want to mention that if this rod was negatively charged, the exact opposite would happen. You would actually have electrons leave into the ground. But anyways, that's just a different way that could possibly happen. So the opposite would happen if the charge was the opposite. So this next step here is that now all of these electric charges are piled up against this thing. And attracting this positive rod you have to do is you have to sever the connection between the ground and the conductor right here. Because if you were to just remove this glass rod or this positively charged rod, all of these extra charges now would repel and go back into the earth. So this step right here where you're cutting the connection between the ground and the conductor. What it does is it prevents the charges from escaping, and that's the important step. So now, once you've severed this connection and these electrons, or charges can no longer freely go back and forth between the source or the reservoir. Now, you remove the charged rod at the end. So, for instance, we're just going to take this charged rod, and we're just going to pull it away. And the effect is that this conductor now has an imbalanced number of charges. So, for instance, will have, like, seven negative charges and maybe, like, four positive charges or something like that, right? I'm just making up numbers here. So the effect is that, even though we didn't actually touch the conductor at any point, the conductor is now charged, and that's the important part. Just again, want to reiterate that if this thing were negative, if the charge rod were negative, the opposite effect would happen. The electrons would escape down into this reservoir, and if you removed it, you would end up with a positively charged conductor again.
All right, so let me know if you guys have any questions about this.
