Multiple ChoiceJill can throw a ball at a speed of 80 mph, consistently, on the ground. She gets into the back of a truck, which drives down the road in the +x-direction direction at 30 mph. Jill faces the back of the truck and throws a ball. According to Galilean relativity, what is the x-component component of the velocity of the ball relative to the ground?242views
Multiple ChoiceSam is cruising in his spaceship moving at 0.9c. Suzy is directly in front of Sam and is at rest. Suzy flashes her headlights at Sam, hoping he will slow down. According to Sam, how fast is the light from Suzy's headlights moving as it approaches him?296views
Multiple ChoiceOlive the astronaut is flying her spaceship back home to earth at 0.9c. Her spaceship has lights on it; one at the front of her ship, and one at the back of the ship. Olive notes that the two lights flash simultaneously. Are they simultaneous according to an Earth-based observer? If not, which one blinked first?268views
Textbook Question(II) At what speed do the relativistic formulas for (a) length and (b) time intervals differ from classical values by 1.00%? (This is a reasonable way to estimate when to use relativistic calculations rather than classical.)
Textbook Question(II) Reference frame S' moves at speed v = 0.88c in the +x direction with respect to reference frame S. The origins of S and S' overlap at t = t' = 0. An object is stationary in S' at position x' = 100m . What is the position of the object in S when the clock in S reads 1.00 μs according to the (a) Galilean and (b) Lorentz transformation equations?
Textbook Question(II) Two identical particles of mass m approach each other at equal and opposite speeds, v . The collision is completely inelastic and results in a single particle at rest. What is the mass of the new particle? How much energy was lost in the collision? How much kinetic energy was lost in this collision?
Textbook Question(II) How much energy can be obtained from conversion of 1.0 gram of mass? How much mass could this energy raise to a height of 1.0 km above the Earth’s surface?
Textbook QuestionThe evolution of stars, as discussed in Section 44–2, can lead to a white dwarf, a neutron star, or even a black hole, depending on the mass. (a) Referring to Sections 44–2 and 44–4, give the radius of (i) a white dwarf of 1 solar mass, (ii) a neutron star of 1.5 solar masses, and (iii) a black hole of 3 solar masses. (b) Express these three radii as ratios (rᵢ : rᵢᵢ : rᵢᵢᵢ) .
Textbook QuestionDetermine the radius of a neutron star using the same argument as in Problem 65 but for N neutrons only. Show that the radius of a neutron star, of 1.5 solar masses, is about 11 km.
Textbook Question(II) Calculate the speed of a proton (m = 1.67 x 10⁻²⁷ kg) whose kinetic energy is exactly half (a) its total energy, (b) its rest energy.
Textbook Question(II) Suppose a spacecraft of mass 17,000 kg was accelerated to 0.22c. (a) How much kinetic energy would it have? (b) If you used the classical formula for kinetic energy, by what percentage would you be in error?
17:25
