Compare the resonance contributors for the intermediate that forms when a nucleophile reacts with i) o-chloronitrobenzene and ii) m-chloronitrobenzene. Explain why nucleophiles do not react at the meta position.

Draw the mechanism for the reactions given below.
a. 2,4-dinitrobromobenzene + sodium methoxide
b. 2,4-diethylchlorobenzene + sodium hydroxide + heat

Explain how a nitro substituent on a benzene ring can facilitate a nucleophilic attack on the ortho and para positions.

Draw the product of the reaction below that require phenoxides.

Determine the other product formed by the reaction shown below: