the-orbital-arrangement-of-the-central-carbon-atom-of-an-allene-holds-the-two-en

Question

The orbital arrangement of the central carbon atom of an allene holds the two ends of the molecule at right angles to each other.
(i) Draw the appropriate orbital diagram of the following allene derivative. Explain why the two ends of the molecule are perpendicular.

Structure of hexa-2,3-diene showing carbon-carbon double bonds and hydrogen atoms.
(ii) Write the structures of the two enantiomers of hexa-2,3-diene.

Accepted Answer

(i): The central carbon is sp hybridized. It makes two pi bonds with two p orbitals. Because the p orbitals must be perpendicular to each other, groups on the ends of the allene system are forced to be perpendicular.

Orbital diagram illustrating the hybridization of carbon atoms in an allene.

Answer

(i): The central carbon is sp hybridized. It makes two pi bonds with two p orbitals. Because the p orbitals must be perpendicular to each other, groups on the ends of the allene system are forced to be perpendicular.

Orbital diagram illustrating the hybridization of carbon atoms in an allene.

Answer

(i): The central carbon is sp² hybridized. It makes one pi bonds using two p orbitals. Because the p orbitals must adopt planar geometry, groups on the ends of the allene system are forced to be perpendicular.

Orbital diagram illustrating the hybridization of carbon atoms in an allene.

Answer

(i): The central carbon is sp² hybridized. It makes one pi bonds using two p orbitals. Because the p orbitals must adopt planar geometry, groups on the ends of the allene system are forced to be perpendicular.

Orbital diagram illustrating the hybridization of carbon atoms in an allene.

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