Name the following: b.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional groups present in the structure: a ketone (carbonyl group) and a nitrile (cyano group).
2. Determine the parent chain: the largest ring structure, which is a seven-membered ring, known as cycloheptanone due to the ketone group.
3. Number the ring starting from the carbonyl carbon as position 1, moving towards the cyano group to give it the lowest possible number.
4. Identify the substituents: a cyano group and a methyl group. The cyano group is on the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl, and the methyl group is on the next carbon.
5. Combine the information to name the compound: use the position numbers and names of the substituents, followed by the parent chain name.

Key Concepts

Nitriles

Nitriles are organic compounds that contain a cyano group (-C≡N), where a carbon atom is triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. They are typically derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl group with a cyano group. Nitriles can be important in organic synthesis and are often used as intermediates in the production of various chemicals.

IUPAC Naming Conventions

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides systematic rules for naming organic compounds. This includes identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the functional groups present, and assigning locants to indicate the position of substituents. Understanding these conventions is crucial for accurately naming organic structures, such as the one depicted in the image.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the context of the provided structure, the presence of both a carbonyl group (C=O) and a nitrile group (C≡N) indicates that the compound has distinct reactivity patterns. Recognizing these functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior of organic compounds.