Draw structures to correspond with the following common and systematic names:


(h) γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the root name 'valeronitrile', which indicates a five-carbon chain with a nitrile group (C≡N) at the end.
2. Recognize the prefix 'γ-hydroxy', which specifies a hydroxy group (OH) attached to the gamma (γ) carbon of the chain.
3. Determine the position of the gamma (γ) carbon: In a five-carbon chain, the gamma carbon is the third carbon from the nitrile group.
4. Draw the five-carbon chain with the nitrile group (C≡N) at one end.
5. Add the hydroxy group (OH) to the third carbon (γ position) of the chain.

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile, the hydroxyl group (-OH) and the nitrile group (-C≡N) are key functional groups that influence the compound's reactivity and properties.

Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry

Nomenclature refers to the systematic naming of chemical compounds based on established rules. The name γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile indicates the presence of a hydroxyl group at the gamma position of a valeronitrile structure, which is essential for accurately drawing the molecular structure and understanding its chemical behavior.

Structural Representation

Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, including bonds and functional groups. For γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile, it is important to illustrate the correct connectivity and spatial orientation of the hydroxyl and nitrile groups to convey the compound's identity and properties accurately.