Name the following dienes and rank them from most stable to least stable.
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Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of dienes: Determine if the dienes are conjugated, isolated, or cumulated based on the arrangement of the double bonds.
2. Name each diene: Use IUPAC nomenclature rules to name each diene, considering the longest carbon chain that includes both double bonds and assigning the lowest possible numbers to the double bonds.
3. Assess conjugation: Recognize that conjugated dienes (with alternating single and double bonds) are generally more stable due to resonance stabilization.
4. Consider steric factors: Evaluate any steric hindrance or strain in the diene structures, as less hindered structures tend to be more stable.
5. Rank the stability: Based on conjugation and steric factors, rank the dienes from most stable to least stable, with conjugated dienes typically being the most stable.

Key Concepts

Diene Stability

Diene stability refers to the relative stability of compounds containing two double bonds. The stability of dienes is influenced by factors such as conjugation, steric hindrance, and the presence of electron-donating or withdrawing groups. Conjugated dienes, where double bonds are separated by a single bond, are generally more stable than isolated or cumulated dienes due to delocalization of π electrons.

Conjugation

Conjugation occurs when p-orbitals overlap across adjacent double bonds, allowing for the delocalization of electrons. This delocalization lowers the energy of the molecule, enhancing stability. In the context of dienes, conjugated systems are more stable than non-conjugated systems because the electron cloud is spread over a larger area, reducing electron-electron repulsion.

Steric Hindrance

Steric hindrance refers to the repulsion between bulky groups within a molecule that can affect its stability and reactivity. In dienes, steric hindrance can arise from substituents on the double bonds, influencing the overall stability. Generally, less sterically hindered structures are more stable, as they allow for better orbital overlap and less strain in the molecular framework.