Name the following carboxylic acid derivatives, giving both a common name and an IUPAC name where possible.


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(r) <IMAGE>

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional group present in each compound. Carboxylic acid derivatives include esters, amides, anhydrides, and acyl chlorides.
2. For compound (q), determine the structure based on the image provided. Identify the acyl group and the substituents attached to the functional group.
3. For compound (r), similarly, analyze the structure to identify the acyl group and any substituents.
4. Use the IUPAC naming conventions: For esters, name the alkyl group attached to the oxygen first, followed by the name of the acid part with the suffix '-oate'. For amides, use the suffix '-amide'. For anhydrides, use the suffix '-anhydride'. For acyl chlorides, use the suffix '-oyl chloride'.
5. Provide the common name by identifying the traditional names of the acyl groups and the functional group. For example, acetic anhydride is the common name for ethanoic anhydride.

Key Concepts

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Carboxylic acid derivatives are compounds that are derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl group (-OH) with another functional group. Common derivatives include esters, amides, anhydrides, and acyl chlorides. Understanding these derivatives is crucial for naming and identifying their structures, as they retain the carboxylic acid's reactivity while exhibiting distinct properties.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, ensuring that each name conveys specific structural information. For carboxylic acid derivatives, the IUPAC name typically reflects the functional group present and the longest carbon chain. Familiarity with IUPAC rules is essential for accurately naming compounds and distinguishing between different derivatives.

Common Names vs. IUPAC Names

Common names are traditional names used for chemical compounds that may not follow systematic naming conventions, while IUPAC names are standardized and provide a clear description of the compound's structure. For many carboxylic acid derivatives, both naming conventions exist, and knowing when to use each is important for effective communication in organic chemistry.