The 1H NMR spectrum of 2-propen-1-ol is shown here. Indicate the protons in the molecule that are responsible for each of the signals in the spectrum.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structure of 2-propen-1-ol: CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
2. Recognize the types of protons in the molecule: vinylic protons (CH2=CH-), allylic protons (CH2-), and hydroxyl proton (OH).
3. Analyze the chemical shift: Vinylic protons typically appear downfield (higher ppm), while allylic and hydroxyl protons appear upfield (lower ppm).
4. Determine the splitting pattern: Vinylic protons are often doublets or triplets due to coupling with adjacent protons, allylic protons may show multiplets, and the hydroxyl proton is usually a singlet.
5. Assign the signals: Match the number of protons and splitting patterns to the observed signals in the spectrum.

Key Concepts

1H NMR Spectroscopy

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy is a technique used to determine the structure of organic compounds by analyzing the magnetic environment of hydrogen atoms in a molecule. Each unique hydrogen environment produces a signal at a specific chemical shift (measured in ppm), allowing chemists to infer the number and type of protons present.

Chemical Shift

Chemical shift refers to the position of a signal in the NMR spectrum, which indicates the electronic environment surrounding the hydrogen atoms. Protons in different environments (e.g., near electronegative atoms or in aliphatic vs. aromatic regions) resonate at different frequencies, leading to distinct peaks in the spectrum that can be correlated to specific protons in the molecule.

Integration and Multiplicity

Integration in NMR refers to the area under a peak, which corresponds to the number of protons contributing to that signal. Multiplicity indicates the splitting pattern of the peaks, which arises from neighboring protons (n+1 rule). Understanding these concepts helps in identifying how many protons are present and their connectivity in the molecular structure.