Give two names for each of the following: a.

Question

Chemical structures for naming ketones in organic chemistry.

b.

c.

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everyone. In this example, we need to provide the Iupac name of the following compounds where we have two different structures of given al canes in which choices A through D listing the names for structures. One and two, all are different names. We're going to begin by outlining the groups defining each of our structures in structure. One recognize that we have a tort buttal group and adjacent to our trt beal group, we have a carbon where carbon has a pi bond to oxygen. We also want to observe that in structure too. We have a cyclo heel group in a chain. We have a methyl group, a hydroxyl or alcohol group, a carbon group and a dichloralp. Now, with our groups labeled out, we're going to next recognize that both compounds given have Carbonis. Now, specifically, these carbons are surrounded by two asymmetrical al chains, we'll label them as R and R prime. And due to the fact that our carbon eels are surrounded by asymmetrical carbon chains, we have asymmetrical key tones for structures one and two. So due to the fact that we have keytones, we're going to recall our I pack rules for naming keytones. Beginning with our first rule, we want to identify the longest carbon chain. So let's start with structure one. As far as our I pack rules, instructor, one, we would agree that the longest carbon chain would begin where we can count in total a six carbon chain. So we have a six carbon chain and because we have just carbon carbon single bonds in this main chain, we have an L cane, which we can say is hexen never called that. We would remove the e in our suffix of this name and add own since this is a ketone structure and this would result in hexen as our base name for structure one. Now moving on to rule two for naming for the Iupac naming of ketones. For our second rule, we're going to recall, we would number our chain by the carbonyl carbon at the lowest number. So observe that one mean number, our six carbon chain carbon number one begins at the metal group that is adjacent to our carbonyl carbon or we can label it as an alpha carbon. So that's carbon number one, carbon. Number two is our carbonyl carbon. And thus the base of our name for structure one would be designated by two hexen. Sorry, they should say two X A non and observe that we separate our numbers or integers and letters using hyphens. Now moving on to our third rule, which is according to naming keytones to list any substituent and their location by number. So off of our main chain, we would observe that our group sticking out is our methyl group and our methyl group occurs at carbon number five. Correction. At carbon number three, we have carbon number 123. And at carbon number four, we observe. So let's erase that five. So at carbon number four, we observe that we have that methyl group sticking out. So we would label the location of our substituent as four hyphen methyl. So for structure one, we can confirm that the name is going to be in alphabetical order four hyphen methyl hyphen two hyphen hexen. So just so that is visible, we have four methyl, two hexen and observing our answer choices, we would rule out choices A B and D and place a checkmark by choice C since it listed a correct name. Now let's move on to naming our second structure by our I U pack rules. So in our second structure, we would observe the longest carbon chain beginning at the carbon where we have our and ending at the carbon at the end of our methyl group. And this would arise in a seven carbon chain. So for structure two, since we have a seven carbon chain that consists of carbon carbon, single bonds, we have a heptane in which because this is a key tone structure overall, we would remove the E and add on so that we have he as our base of the name for structure two. Now moving on to our second rule, as we stated, we would number our chain where the carbon has the lowest number. So beginning with labeling carbon number one at our Chloro group, we have carbon number two. Following that carbon number three being at the position of our Carboni, meaning that we would label our base of our structure too as three hyphen hept Toone. And now for our third rule, listing out any substituent for structure two, observe that at carbon number one, we have two dichloralp. So we would have 11 for both diclo groups, one comma one hyphen. Next we have at carbon number five. If we continue numbering our chain at carbon number five, we have five hydroxy as our group since we have a hydroxyl group. And then at carbon number six, we observe that we have a carbon that is attached to a bond where we have a carbon within a cyclo heine ring. So we would label that as six cyclo hel. And now placing everything together in alphabetical order, our name for structure two would result in one comma one, Di Chloro six Cyclo hel five hydroxy, three hept. So let's go ahead and write that out below. We have placing everything together in alphabetical order. One comma one Di Chloro six Cyclo hel five hydroxy and sorry, five hydroxy is separated by hyphens, of course. And then three. So this is our entire name for structure too. And observing answer choice C given by the name instructor two, we have a correct match of our determined name. And so choice C would be the correct and full final answer to complete this example as the appropriate names for our given structures one and two in this example. So I hope that this made sense and let us know if you have any questions.

Give two names for each of the following: a.
b.
c.

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

IUPAC Nomenclature

Structural Isomers

Watch next