So now I want to talk about the condensed structures. The abbreviations for these can be a little confusing. For ketone, it's actually just going to be and this can get confusing sometimes. It's gonna be COC. And what that means is that sometimes your professor is going to be nice enough and give you C double bond OC. That means that it helps you understand that this is a carbonyl. But sometimes, they're just going to say COC and they're going to expect you to know that there's a double bond O in between. Now, some of you guys might be wondering, well, how is that different from an ether then? Because an ether is ROR, remember? So how is COC different from ROR? Because if it were an ether, it would be CH2OCH2 and then the rest of the R group. R here and R here. Notice that both of those carbons would have 2 H's coming off of them. Whereas, for the carbon right here, that carbon is never going to have H's coming off of it. That means that the R group is going to be directly attached to a carbon that does not have any hydrogens on it. So basically, the carbon that I'm looking at is right here. I tried to use a different color. That carbon right there is never gonna have hydrogen, so that's the difference. Instead of saying CH2O, it's just gonna say CO. And when you see the CO, that tells you that this is a ketone and not an ether. This would be an ether down here, by the way. I'm not trying to confuse you. It would be ROR, it would be an ether. Okay? So like I said, I'm kind of going above and beyond here. Hopefully, your professor gives it to you like this. If they give it to you like that, then we're fine because you have the double bond there, it's very easy. But if they give it to you like this, then you need to look at the fact that it's CO, meaning C double bond O.
Finally, aldehyde kind of sucks too. The abbreviation for aldehyde is probably one of the worst ones in organic chemistry, and it's CHO. How does that make sense? I do not even know. I think of it like a choo choo train. Like, it's CHO. There's really not a good way to remember it other than just to memorize it. I still have students in Orgo 2 that will forget that CHO is an aldehyde. So I would just say commit it to memory, make sure you don't get confused. Make sure that you just give extra special attention to aldehydes.