Suggest reagents to carry out the following transformations. Some may require more than one step.
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Key Concepts

Reagents in Organic Reactions

Reagents are substances that are added to a chemical reaction to cause a transformation. In organic chemistry, selecting the appropriate reagents is crucial for achieving the desired product. Different reagents can facilitate various types of reactions, such as oxidation, reduction, substitution, or elimination, and understanding their roles helps in planning synthetic pathways.

Reaction Mechanisms

A reaction mechanism describes the step-by-step process by which reactants are converted into products. It includes details about the bond-breaking and bond-forming events that occur during the reaction. Understanding mechanisms is essential for predicting the outcomes of reactions and for designing multi-step syntheses, as it allows chemists to anticipate intermediates and transition states.

Functional Group Transformations

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that determine their chemical reactivity. Transformations often involve changing one functional group into another, which can significantly alter the properties of the compound. Familiarity with common functional group transformations, such as converting alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, is vital for proposing effective synthetic routes in organic chemistry.