Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 19m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 18m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids3h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans Conformations

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans Conformations

1:29 minutes

Problem 3bMullins - 1st Edition

Textbook Question

Given the following chair conformations, draw each in its planar form as if you were viewing it from above. (d)

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Identify the substituents on the chair conformation: fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl).

Determine the positions of the substituents: fluorine is equatorial up, and chlorine is axial down.

Recognize the stereochemistry: the substituents are in a trans configuration (one is up, the other is down).

Draw the cyclohexane ring in a planar form, representing it as a hexagon.

Place the substituents on the planar hexagon: position fluorine on one carbon and chlorine on the opposite carbon, ensuring they are trans to each other.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chair Conformation

The chair conformation is a three-dimensional representation of cyclohexane and its derivatives, which minimizes steric strain and torsional strain. In this conformation, carbon atoms are arranged in a staggered manner, allowing for more stable interactions between substituents. Understanding chair conformations is crucial for visualizing the spatial arrangement of atoms in cyclic compounds.

Cis and Trans Isomerism

Cis and trans isomerism refers to the different spatial arrangements of substituents around a double bond or a ring structure. In the context of cyclohexane derivatives, 'cis' indicates that substituents are on the same side of the ring, while 'trans' indicates they are on opposite sides. This distinction affects the physical and chemical properties of the compounds, making it essential for predicting reactivity and stability.

Planar Representation

Planar representation is a two-dimensional depiction of a three-dimensional molecular structure, often used to simplify the visualization of complex molecules. When converting chair conformations to planar forms, it is important to accurately represent the relative positions of substituents to maintain the correct stereochemistry. This skill is vital for understanding molecular interactions and reactivity in organic chemistry.