Indicate the true statements about ATP, and then reword the false statements so that they are true. a. ATP is made using anabolic reactions. b. Substrate-level phosphorylation converts ATP to ADP. c. ATP is commonly used by cells to store energy. d. ATP is used to jump-start cellular respiration. e. Catabolic reactions are used to make ATP. f. In cellular respiration, the most ATP is made by glycolysis. g. ATP can be made by phosphorylating ADP.
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Key Concepts
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ATP and Energy Storage
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy carrier in cells, storing energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds. It is utilized by cells to perform various functions, including muscle contraction, active transport, and biosynthesis. Understanding ATP's role in energy transfer is crucial for analyzing metabolic processes.
Phosphorylation refers to the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, which can activate or deactivate enzymes and other proteins. In the context of ATP, substrate-level phosphorylation directly generates ATP from ADP and a phosphate group during metabolic pathways like glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. This process is essential for understanding how ATP is produced and utilized in cellular metabolism.
Metabolic reactions are categorized into catabolic and anabolic pathways. Catabolic reactions break down molecules to release energy, often producing ATP, while anabolic reactions use energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones. Recognizing the distinction between these pathways is vital for evaluating statements about ATP production and usage in cellular respiration.