Which of the following terms most correctly describes the bond...

Question

Which of the following terms most correctly describes the bonds in a molecule of water?

a. nonpolar covalent bond

b. polar covalent bond

c. ionic bond

d. hydrogen bond

Accepted Answer

Hi, everybody. And welcome back. The next problem says, what type of chemical bonding is involved in a carbon dioxide molecule? Co2, a nonpolar covalent bond. B polar covalent bond C hydrogen bond or D vander Waals. Well, first of all, we can rule out choices C and D because these are both intermolecular forces rather than a chemical bond. That's despite the fact that choice C is called a hydrogen bond because this isn't quite the same as a chemical bond. These are those interactions that occur when a molecule has a hydrogen bonded to an electron atom such as oxygen or nitrogen. And the hydrogen bond is the attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a partially negative. No, I put oxygen but a partially negative atom, whichever it is, it could be a nitrogen on nearby molecules. So it's not a chemical bond, it's not within the same molecule, but it's this attraction between the opposite partial charges on nearby molecules. So we'll put h bond down at the bottom. And that would be like in water where we have oxygen and hydrogen and our hydrogens have this partial positive charge, our oxygen has a partial negative charge. So let's draw a nearby water molecule with its partial positive and partial negative charges. And the hydrogen bond is this attraction between that partially negative oxygen and the partially positive hydrogen, it creates these attractions that you know, draw these molecules together. But it's not a chemical bond despite its name, that's why choice C is ruled out. It's an intermolecular force. And then choice D Vanderwaal is just that weakest intermedic force that every molecule has with other molecules where just because electrons move around as, as they move, it creates sort of regions where there's just a temporary like temporary negative charge as there's a little more electrons in that area, and then a temporary slight positive charge as there's fewer electrons in another area. And these little areas of temporary charge will have these sort of momentary attractions to the opposite charge on another molecule. So again, you have those areas of temporary partial charge due to the movements of electrons and then the opposite partial charges are attracted to each other, we'll put on nearby molecules. But uh again, very obviously not a chemical bond. So we're down to two possible choices of a chemical bond, nonpolar covalent or polar covalent. Well, we know it's a la bond we're told that so we share electrons rather than completely giving them away or completely gaining them. But for polar, we need to look at the structure of this, we would be tempted to say polar because there is a difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen. So oxygen is more electron and we tend to draw electrons towards it. But if we look at this structure of carbon dioxide, it's symmetrical, the carbon in the center and oxygen on either side. And as a result, it has this linear shape. So there is this what's called a dipole moment where the electrons are attracted towards the oxygen in either case, but these two dipole moments being in, you know, 100 80 degrees from each other in opposite directions, we'll cancel each other out. So our overall molecule is nonpolar since the dipole moments in opposite directions cancel each other out. So we'll cross out polar covalent and our answer for the type of chemical bonding involved in a carbon dioxide molecule. His choice, a non po nonpolar covalent bond. See on the next video.

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Which of the following terms most correctly describes the bonds in a molecule of water?

a. nonpolar covalent bond
b. polar covalent bond
c. ionic bond
d. hydrogen bond