Which recombinant DNA technique is used to replicate copies of a DNA molecule?


a. PCR
b. gel electrophoresis
c. electroporation
d. reverse transcription

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the purpose of each technique listed in the options.
2. Understand that the goal is to replicate copies of a DNA molecule.
3. Recognize that PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is specifically designed to amplify DNA, making multiple copies of a specific DNA segment.
4. Note that gel electrophoresis is used for separating DNA fragments by size, not for replication.
5. Consider that electroporation and reverse transcription are not primarily used for replicating DNA molecules.

Key Concepts

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

PCR is a widely used technique in molecular biology that allows for the amplification of specific DNA sequences. By using cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension, PCR can produce millions of copies of a target DNA segment from a small initial sample. This method is essential for various applications, including cloning, gene expression analysis, and genetic testing.

Gel Electrophoresis

Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate DNA, RNA, or proteins based on their size and charge. In this technique, samples are placed in a gel matrix and subjected to an electric field, causing the molecules to migrate. While it is crucial for analyzing DNA fragments, it does not replicate DNA but rather visualizes the results of amplification or other processes.

Electroporation

Electroporation is a technique used to introduce DNA into cells by applying an electrical field, which temporarily permeabilizes the cell membrane. This allows for the uptake of plasmids or other DNA molecules, facilitating genetic transformation. Although it is important for gene delivery, it does not replicate DNA; instead, it aids in the introduction of DNA into host cells.