Popular student's questions

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  How do dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) function in DNA sequencing, and why are they crucial for the termination of DNA synthesis during the sequencing process?
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  What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory, and how do mitochondria and chloroplasts demonstrate characteristics of their prokaryotic ancestors?
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  Can you describe the structure and significance of the seven key functional groups in biomolecules, and explain why it is important to memorize them for understanding biological processes?
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  What is the process of antibody class switching in B cells, and how does it ensure that different classes of antibodies can be produced while maintaining specificity for the same antigen?
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  What are the differences between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic cellular respiration, and how do these processes contribute to ATP production?