16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
Naming Carboxylic Acids
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Provide the systematic name for the following carboxylic acid. Here to do that we're going to utilize these steps in terms of naming the molecule before us. So here's step 1, find the longest carbon chain. This will represent our parent chain, and assign name according to the prefixes and modifier. The parent chain should include the carboxylic acid group, and greater number of carbons. Now if a tie between longest chain, choose chain with more substituents. Alright. So, we're going to find the longest carbon chain. We gotta make sure that the carboxylic acid group is part of it. So if we look, this would be the longest carbon chain. So we can go this way or you can go this way. Both would give us the same length for the carbon chain and the same number of substituents. So here I'm just gonna go by the original way, this way. Now, assign name to all the substituents for step 2. So here we have a bromine group as a substituent, so this would be bromo. And then here we have a 3 carbon alkyl group which is ethyl. Start numbering the chain at the carbon of the carboxylic acid group, so COOH group. So this would be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. And then steps 4 to 6, we repeat steps from previous naming topics. Mainly, we give numerical locations to the substituents, We make sure that they're named alphabetically in a relation to each other, and we make sure we use commas to separate numbers, and dashes or hyphens to separate letters from numbers. So here, alphabetically, b comes before e, The bromo is on carbon 3, so 3 bromo. And then we have the ethyl on carbon 4, 4 ethyl. Since the carboxylic acid carbonyl carbon is carbon number 1, we don't have to give it a number designation. So we have a 6 carbon chain which is hexane, but we change the e ending to hexanoic acid here, It becomes oic acid, so the name of our carboxylic acid here would be 3 bromo4 ethylhexanoic acid.
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