Indicate whether each of the following statements describes potential or kinetic energy: c. the energy in a lump of coal

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definitions: Potential energy is stored energy due to position, composition, or condition, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
2. Consider the nature of coal: Coal is a chemical substance composed of carbon and other elements, which can undergo combustion.
3. Identify the type of energy: The energy in a lump of coal is stored in the chemical bonds between atoms.
4. Relate to potential energy: Since this energy is stored and not currently in motion, it is considered potential energy.
5. Conclude: Therefore, the energy in a lump of coal is an example of potential energy.

Key Concepts

Potential Energy

Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position or state. It can be associated with gravitational forces, elastic deformation, or chemical composition. For example, a lump of coal has potential energy because it contains stored energy from the chemical bonds within its molecules, which can be released during combustion.

Kinetic Energy

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion. It depends on the mass of the object and the square of its velocity, as described by the formula KE = 1/2 mv². Unlike potential energy, kinetic energy is not stored but is actively present when an object is moving, such as a car driving down the road.

Energy Transformation

Energy transformation refers to the process of changing energy from one form to another. In the context of coal, when it is burned, the potential energy stored in its chemical bonds is transformed into kinetic energy in the form of heat and light. Understanding this concept is crucial for analyzing how energy is utilized in various systems, such as power generation.