Draw the condensed structural formula, or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:


b. 3-pentanethiol

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the parent chain: The name '3-pentanethiol' indicates a five-carbon chain (pentane) with a thiol group (-SH) attached.
2. Determine the position of the thiol group: The '3-' prefix indicates that the thiol group is attached to the third carbon of the pentane chain.
3. Draw the carbon chain: Start by drawing a straight chain of five carbon atoms (C-C-C-C-C) to represent pentane.
4. Add the thiol group: Attach the -SH group to the third carbon in the chain.
5. Complete the structure: Add hydrogen atoms to each carbon to satisfy the tetravalency of carbon, ensuring each carbon forms four bonds.

Key Concepts

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In this format, groups of atoms are often grouped together to simplify the representation, making it easier to visualize the molecular structure. For example, in 3-pentanethiol, the condensed formula would indicate the presence of a thiol (-SH) group attached to the third carbon of a five-carbon chain.

Line-Angle Formula

The line-angle formula, also known as the skeletal formula, is a shorthand representation of organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This method is particularly useful for cyclic compounds and allows for a clear visualization of the molecular structure without cluttering the diagram with hydrogen atoms. In the case of 3-pentanethiol, the line-angle formula would illustrate the carbon chain and the thiol group in a simplified manner.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In organic chemistry, the presence of functional groups, such as thiols (-SH) in 3-pentanethiol, significantly influences the properties and reactivity of the compound. Understanding functional groups is essential for predicting how a molecule will behave in chemical reactions and for drawing accurate structural representations.