Identify each of the following as a saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-3, or omega-6 fatty acid: (15.2)


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Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structure of the fatty acid in the image provided.
2. Count the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain.
3. Determine if the fatty acid is saturated (no double bonds), monounsaturated (one double bond), or polyunsaturated (more than one double bond).
4. If the fatty acid is polyunsaturated, identify the position of the first double bond from the methyl end (omega end) to determine if it is an omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acid.
5. Classify the fatty acid based on the number and position of the double bonds.

Key Concepts

Saturated Fatty Acids

Saturated fatty acids are types of fats that have no double bonds between the carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chain. This means they are 'saturated' with hydrogen atoms. They are typically solid at room temperature and are commonly found in animal fats, butter, and certain oils. High intake of saturated fats is often linked to increased cholesterol levels and heart disease.

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds in their structure, which introduces kinks in the chain and prevents the molecules from packing tightly together. This category is divided into monounsaturated (one double bond) and polyunsaturated (multiple double bonds) fats. Unsaturated fats are generally liquid at room temperature and are found in plant oils, nuts, and fish, contributing to heart health.

Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are types of polyunsaturated fats that are essential for human health. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts, are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and benefits for heart health. Omega-6 fatty acids, found in vegetable oils and nuts, are also essential but can promote inflammation when consumed in excess relative to omega-3s, highlighting the importance of a balanced intake.