Hey, guys. In this new video, we're going to take a close look at pH and pOH. So, we're going to say that when it comes to the concentrations of H⁺ and OH^-, they usually come as very small numbers. And what we need to realize here is that the pH scale was invented to basically turn these very small numbers into more manageable ones. So, we're going to say under normal conditions, the pH scale operates within the range of 0 to 14. But what we need to realize here is that the pH scale could be less than 0 or it could be greater than 14. All we would need to do is increase the concentration of our acid or base. So remember, 0 to 14 are not the only numbers that your pH or pOH could be. They could be greater or less than that. It all again depends on upping the concentration of your compound. If you make your concentration very high, like over 1 molar, then it'll give you a very high or very low pH.

Now, we're going to say by taking the negative log of H⁺ and OH^- we can find pH and pOH. pH just means negative log of H⁺ concentration or negative log of H₃O⁺ because remember, we said this before, H⁺ and H₃O⁺ are the same exact thing. pOH is the negative log of OH^-, so that means that "p" represents negative log.