Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Measured Numbers
Measured numbers are values obtained through measurement and are subject to uncertainty. They include a degree of error based on the precision of the measuring instrument. For example, a mass of 67.5 kg indicates that the measurement was taken with a scale that can measure to at least one decimal place, reflecting a level of precision.
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Exact Numbers
Exact numbers are values that are counted or defined and have no uncertainty associated with them. They are considered to be infinitely precise. Examples include the number of patients in a study or defined quantities like 100 centimeters in a meter, where the value is exact and not subject to measurement error.
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Significant Figures
Significant figures are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This concept is crucial in distinguishing between measured and exact numbers, as it helps indicate the reliability of the measurement. In the case of 67.5 kg, the three significant figures suggest a specific level of precision in the measurement process.
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