What are the names of the following compounds?

Question

c.

Accepted Answer

Welcome back, everybody. Here's our next problem. It says give the name of the line structure below and we have a bunch of things going on. In this line structure, we have an amid, there's a carbon with a carbon that's part of a carbonel group. C double bonded to an O with an NH two group attached. The other R group here go around in a chain and we have 1 to 3 more carbons with an oh group. At the end, the alpha carbon from the carbonel group also has an ethyl group attached. And then our possibility for answers is a two ethyl butane aid alcohol B two ethyl four hydroxy butane, it C hydroxy ethyl button acid or D two ethyl four hydroxyl banic acid. Well, even before we get started, we can eliminate two of our answer choices because we have for choice C hydroxy ethyl Botanic acid and choice D hydroxyl Button acid. These are both incorrect because we don't have a Banic acid. That would be a carboxylic acid which would be in the format of the R group. Then the carbon carbon and then, oh we do have an oh group but it's not attached to our carbon carbon attached to our carbon carbon. We have an NH two group. So that makes it an amid not a carboxylic acid. So again, that OIC acid ending refers to a carboxylic acid. So choice C and D are incorrect. So we know we're starting out with an amid, that's the higher priority functional group than the O there. So our O is going to be a substituent. So our first step when we give a name is find the longest carbon chain containing our image group. However, when we look for that, we have two possibilities. So starting with the carbon carbon, we could count 12 and then go up into this ethyl group 34 that gives us four carbons. I'd number that in blue or again, starting with the carnal carbon, we could label that number one, then go round two instead of going to the ethyl group, keep wrapping around to that hydroxy group. So 1234, finishing with our oh group. So both of those give us a four carbon chain but four carbon chain. However, if we go up into the ethyl group, our alcohol group ends up as a substituent instead of in the main chain. So it's preferable both things being equal to include that hydroxy group in the main chain and have the AYL group, which is just an alkyl group as a substituent. So we're going to go ahead and erase the numbers going up into that apple group. And we're going to treat that as a substituent. So we're using the red numbers going around to our oh group. So we have a four carbon chain and it's an amid. So the rule of naming amid is we want to start with the name of the corresponding carboxylic acid that it's derived from. So the carboxylic acid with four carbons, our route of course will be butane. So we would have Butan OIC acid and then we replace that OIC acid with amid. So our sort of root name is Butan amid. So we've got our route, our base chain there. So now we just need to locate and name our substituents. So we know we have two of them, we have that el group. So our ethyl group with the two carbons is on carbon number two. So Ethel on C two and then we have the hydroxy group that oh group on carbon four. So we know our substituents, we know where they are. We just have to decide what order to name them in and we use alphabetical order. So I put abc order to name them, ignoring any numerical prefixes like die or try which we don't have here. So we have ethyl and hydroxy. So Ethyl will be first with that letter E. So our name will have to be two and then a hyphen ethel. So we use a hyphen to separate numbers and letters, of course, another hyphen four hyphen hydroxy and then our main chain name Butan amid. So that matches with choice B when we look at choice A, it says two ethyl butana middle alcohol. But this is the incorrect way of naming this. The hydroxy group will be a substituent because the alcohol is a lower priority than the AMET group. So choice A is incorrect. So the name of our line structure is Choice B two ethyl four hydroxy butan amid. See you in the next video.

What are the names of the following compounds?

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Key Concepts

Chemical Nomenclature

Structural Representation

Functional Groups

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