At 100 °C, which of the following diagrams (1, 2, or 3) represents a gas sample that exerts the: (8.1) b. highest pressure??

Verified step by step guidance

1. insert step 1: Understand that pressure is related to the number of gas particles and their collisions with the walls of the container.
2. insert step 2: Recall that at a constant temperature, pressure is directly proportional to the number of gas particles in a given volume (according to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT).
3. insert step 3: Examine each diagram to determine which one has the greatest number of gas particles in the same volume.
4. insert step 4: Identify the diagram with the highest density of gas particles, as this will exert the highest pressure.
5. insert step 5: Conclude that the diagram with the most particles in the same volume represents the gas sample with the highest pressure.

Key Concepts

Gas Pressure

Gas pressure is the force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the walls of their container. It is influenced by factors such as temperature, volume, and the number of gas particles. According to the ideal gas law, pressure increases with temperature if the volume and number of moles remain constant.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particle motion. It posits that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that their kinetic energy is directly related to temperature. Higher temperatures result in faster-moving particles, which leads to increased pressure when confined in a space.

Phase Diagrams

Phase diagrams illustrate the states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) of a substance at various temperatures and pressures. They help visualize how changes in temperature and pressure affect the state of a gas. Understanding these diagrams is crucial for determining which conditions lead to higher pressures in gas samples.