Indicate which compounds contain aldehyde or ketone carbonyl groups.
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Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional groups present in each compound by examining the structure.
2. Recall that an aldehyde contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, typically at the end of a carbon chain.
3. Recall that a ketone contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, typically within the carbon chain.
4. For each compound, locate the carbonyl group and determine if it is bonded to a hydrogen (aldehyde) or two carbons (ketone).
5. List the compounds that contain aldehyde groups and those that contain ketone groups based on your analysis.

Key Concepts

Carbonyl Group

The carbonyl group is a functional group characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O). It is a key feature in various organic compounds, including aldehydes and ketones. The reactivity and properties of compounds containing carbonyl groups are largely influenced by the nature of the surrounding atoms or groups.

Aldehydes

Aldehydes are organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain, making them terminal functional groups. They are typically represented by the general formula RCHO, where R is a hydrocarbon group. Aldehydes are known for their distinctive odors and are commonly used in the production of various chemicals and fragrances.

Ketones

Ketones are organic compounds that feature a carbonyl group (C=O) located within a carbon chain, making them internal functional groups. They are represented by the general formula RC(=O)R', where R and R' are hydrocarbon groups. Ketones are important in both industrial applications and biological processes, often serving as solvents or intermediates in chemical reactions.