ALLIED Health Identify all the functional groups present in the following:
(a) <IMAGE> Aspartame, an artificial sweetener

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structure of Aspartame, which is a dipeptide composed of aspartic acid and phenylalanine methyl ester.
2. Look for the amine group ($-N{H}_2$) typically found in amino acids.
3. Identify the carboxylic acid group ($-COOH$) present in the aspartic acid part of the molecule.
4. Locate the ester group ($-COOR$) formed from the reaction between the carboxylic acid and an alcohol, which is part of the phenylalanine methyl ester.
5. Check for the presence of an aromatic ring, which is a benzene ring found in the phenylalanine part of the molecule.

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. They determine the properties and reactivity of organic compounds. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amine (-NH2), each imparting unique behaviors to the molecules they are part of.

Aspartame Structure

Aspartame is a low-calorie artificial sweetener composed of two amino acids: aspartic acid and phenylalanine. Its structure includes an ester bond formed between the carboxyl group of aspartic acid and the hydroxyl group of phenylalanine. Understanding its molecular structure is essential for identifying the functional groups present and their implications for taste and metabolism.

Chemical Properties of Sweeteners

The chemical properties of sweeteners, such as aspartame, are influenced by their functional groups, which affect solubility, sweetness intensity, and stability. For instance, the presence of amine and carboxyl groups in aspartame contributes to its sweetness and interaction with taste receptors. Analyzing these properties helps in understanding how different sweeteners can be used in food products.