Identify each of the following as an acid or a base: (10.1) b. H₂SO₃

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the chemical formula given: H₂SO₃.
2. Recognize that H₂SO₃ is sulfurous acid, which is a common oxyacid.
3. Recall that acids typically have hydrogen atoms that can be donated as protons (H⁺) in a solution.
4. Note that H₂SO₃ can donate hydrogen ions, which is a characteristic behavior of acids.
5. Conclude that H₂SO₃ is an acid based on its ability to donate protons.

Key Concepts

Acids and Bases

Acids are substances that can donate protons (H⁺ ions) in a solution, while bases are substances that can accept protons. This definition is rooted in the Brønsted-Lowry theory, which emphasizes the transfer of protons in acid-base reactions. Understanding this distinction is crucial for classifying compounds like H₂SO₃.

Sulfurous Acid (H₂SO₃)

H₂SO₃, or sulfurous acid, is a weak acid formed when sulfur dioxide (SO₂) dissolves in water. It can dissociate in solution to release H⁺ ions, which is characteristic of acids. Recognizing H₂SO₃ as an acid is essential for understanding its behavior in chemical reactions and its role in various environmental processes.

pH Scale

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly basic), with 7 being neutral. Acids have a pH less than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7. Knowing how to interpret pH values helps in identifying substances like H₂SO₃ as acidic based on their behavior in aqueous solutions.