Hyperbaric chambers, which provide high pressures (up to 6 atm) o...

Question

Hyperbaric chambers, which provide high pressures (up to 6 atm) of either air or pure oxygen, are used to treat a variety of conditions, ranging from decompression sickness in deep-sea divers to carbon monoxide poisoning. Look up the solubility of O₂, N₂, CO, and CO₂ in water at standard temperature and pressure (1 atm, 25 °C).

Explain the trends in relative solubility for these gases. (Refer to Section 8.2 and Section 9.2)

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everyone. The nitrogen pressure swing absorption system of fire protection systems generates nitrogen at high pressures using the relative Celje billet ease of nitrogen and oxygen gasses at standard temperature and pressure 1 80 m and 25 Celsius explain why a nitrogen generator, particularly a nitrogen pressure swing absorption system is necessary to continuously displace oxygen in fire protection systems. Let's begin by recalling that according to Henry's law, if we increase the pressure of our system, this will correspond to an increase in Celje bility of a gas. Now, let's recall that oxygen and nitrogen are both die atomic gasses. So we have oh to an end to where we have two oxygen atoms bonded to one another and two nitrogen atoms bonded to one another. And note that these two molecules, nitrogen and oxygen are non polar. However, we can create a temporary polarization where we can take a water molecule and we can represent the temporary polarization as lines between the bonds to hydrogen and oxygen as well as the bonds between nitrogen to hydrogen. So we'll represent them as lions here again. Two hydrogen within our water molecule. Note that in this temporary polarization, we have a slightly positive charge on the hydrogen which is less electro negative than the slightly negatively charged oxygen. Because recalled that electro negativity increases towards the direction of flooring on the periodic table. And then the other oxygen not bonded to the water has a slightly positive charge. Whereas in our nitrogen temporary polarization, we have a slightly negative charge on this nitrogen bonded to the hydrogen and a slightly positive charge on the hydrogen and then a slightly positive charge on the nitrogen that is not bonded to a hydrogen. So through this temporary polarization, and actually, we would show that only between the negative and positive charge of hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen and hydrogen. We want to recall that an increase in molecular weight corresponds to an increase in polarization because more electrons are able to move about the molecule. And so we should recall that the molecular weight of oxygen from our periodic tables is about 32.0 g per mole versus nitrogen, which has a molecular weight According to our periodic tables of 28.02 grams Permal. Now, based on the larger polarization for oxygen with water, we can also recall that oxygen has a soluble itty value of 0.004, three g per Mill L per 100 ml of solution versus the soluble itty of nitrogen. We should recall is 0. 19 g per ml of solution. So even though our oxygen and nitrogen, both being non polar molecules and having weaker London dispersion forces will be only slightly soluble in water. We have an increased soluble it e for oxygen due to its greater molecular weight which allows for a greater polarization or partial polarization to be specific of the molecule, thereby increasing its eligibility. Now, what we just outlined is all at S T P condition, standard temperature and pressure. However, with the nitrogen pressure swing absorption system will underline that in red And well represented by the Shorthand N two PSA. This system generates hi pressure nitrogen and based on Henry's law, an increase in pressure of our gas will increase the cell ability of the gas. And so with a generation of high pressure nitrogen, this will correspond to an increase in nitrogen Celje bility in water which will help this place oxygen which we understand can cause corrosion. And we do not want that when we are trying to mitigate fires. So based on what we've outlined, looking at choice B reads that at standard temperature and pressure, oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen. So a high pressure application of nitrogen is necessary to increase the scalability of nitrogen and displace the corrosion causing oxygen and be clearly outlines exactly what we've described that is necessary for our nitrogen pressure swing absorption system too create in order to mitigate fires. So we would confirm that choice B is the best explanation for why our end to P S A system is necessary to continuously displace oxygen and fire protection systems. B is our final answer. I hope this made sense and let us know if you have any questions.

Key Concepts

Gas Solubility

Henry's Law

Molecular Properties of Gases

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