Draw the condensed structural formula, or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:


c. 2-methyl-2-butanol

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the parent chain: The parent chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, it is 'butanol', which means a four-carbon chain with an alcohol group (-OH) attached.
2. Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain: Start numbering from the end closest to the functional group, which is the -OH group. This ensures the lowest possible number for the functional group.
3. Identify and place the substituents: The name '2-methyl-2-butanol' indicates a methyl group (CH₃) is attached to the second carbon of the butanol chain.
4. Draw the condensed structural formula: Write the carbon chain with the substituents and functional groups in the correct positions. For 2-methyl-2-butanol, it would be CH₃C(CH₃)(OH)CH₂CH₃.
5. Verify the structure: Ensure that all carbon atoms have four bonds and that the placement of the methyl group and the hydroxyl group is correct according to the IUPAC name.

Key Concepts

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It typically groups atoms together to indicate how they are connected, making it easier to visualize the structure of organic molecules. For example, in 2-methyl-2-butanol, the condensed formula would highlight the branching and functional groups present.

Line-Angle Formula

The line-angle formula, also known as the skeletal formula, is a shorthand representation of organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This method simplifies the drawing of complex structures, especially cyclic compounds, by omitting hydrogen atoms attached to carbons. It is particularly useful for visualizing the overall shape and connectivity of larger organic molecules like 2-methyl-2-butanol.

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the phenomenon where compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. In the case of 2-methyl-2-butanol, understanding isomerism is crucial as it can exist in different forms, affecting its chemical properties and reactivity. Recognizing the specific isomer is essential for accurately drawing its structural representation.