Determine whether each of the following organic reactions is an oxidation or a reduction reaction. (Only the organic compounds are shown.)
(b) <IMAGE>

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional groups present in the reactant and the product of the given organic reaction.
2. Determine if there is an increase or decrease in the number of C-H bonds from the reactant to the product.
3. Determine if there is an increase or decrease in the number of C-O, C-N, or C-X (where X is a halogen) bonds from the reactant to the product.
4. If the number of C-H bonds decreases or the number of C-O, C-N, or C-X bonds increases, classify the reaction as an oxidation.
5. If the number of C-H bonds increases or the number of C-O, C-N, or C-X bonds decreases, classify the reaction as a reduction.

Key Concepts

Oxidation and Reduction Reactions

Oxidation and reduction (redox) reactions are chemical processes that involve the transfer of electrons between substances. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state, while reduction involves the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state. Understanding these definitions is crucial for identifying whether a reaction is an oxidation or reduction.

Organic Functional Groups

Organic compounds are characterized by functional groups, which are specific groups of atoms that determine the chemical properties and reactions of the molecules. Recognizing these functional groups is essential for predicting how a compound will behave in a reaction, including whether it will undergo oxidation or reduction.

Electron Transfer Mechanisms

In organic chemistry, the mechanisms of electron transfer during oxidation and reduction reactions can vary significantly. Common mechanisms include the transfer of hydrogen atoms (which can be seen as a proxy for electron transfer) or the involvement of specific reagents that facilitate these changes. Understanding these mechanisms helps in accurately classifying the reactions.