Using the models of the molecules (black = C, white = H, yellow = S, green = Cl), determine each of the following for models of compounds 1 and 2: (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) 1.
2.
c. number of moles in 10.0 g

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the elements in each molecule using the color code: black = C, white = H, yellow = S, green = Cl.
2. For the first molecule (top), identify the elements and count the atoms: 2 yellow (S) and 2 red (O), indicating SO2.
3. For the second molecule (bottom), identify the elements and count the atoms: 4 black (C) and 4 white (H), indicating C4H4.
4. Calculate the molar mass of each compound: SO2 (S = 32.07 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol) and C4H4 (C = 12.01 g/mol, H = 1.008 g/mol).
5. Use the formula: number of moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol) to find the number of moles in 10.0 g for each compound.

Key Concepts

Molecular Composition

Molecular composition refers to the types and numbers of atoms that make up a molecule. In the context of the question, understanding the molecular formulas of the compounds represented in the models is essential. For example, the black spheres represent carbon (C), white spheres represent hydrogen (H), yellow represents sulfur (S), and green represents chlorine (Cl). Identifying these components allows for the calculation of moles based on their respective molar masses.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule. For the compounds in the question, determining the molar mass is crucial for converting grams of the substance into moles, which is necessary for the calculations requested in the question.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It allows chemists to predict how much of a substance is needed or produced in a reaction. In this question, stoichiometry is applied to determine the number of moles in a given mass of the compounds, which is essential for understanding their chemical behavior and interactions.