Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Codons and Amino Acids
Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids during protein synthesis. Each codon is part of the genetic code, which translates the information in DNA into proteins. Understanding the relationship between codons and their corresponding amino acids is essential for interpreting genetic information.
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Genetic Code
The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how sequences of nucleotides in DNA and RNA are translated into proteins. It is universal among most organisms and consists of 64 codons that specify 20 amino acids, including redundancy where multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. This redundancy is crucial for understanding mutations and variations in genetic sequences.
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Amino Acid Properties
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, each with unique properties that influence protein structure and function. The amino acid encoded by the codon GAG is glutamic acid, which is important for various biological functions, including protein synthesis and metabolism. Recognizing the significance of different amino acids helps in understanding their roles in biological processes.
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