Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
10. Transcription
Transcription in Prokaryotes
5:55 minutes
Problem 16b
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionThe segment of the bacterial TrpA gene involved in intrinsic termination of transcription is the following; 3'-TGGGTCGGGGCGGATTACTGCCCCGAAAAAAAACTTG-5' 5'-ACCCAGCCCCGCCTAATGACGGGGCTTTTTTTTGAAC-3' Draw the mRNA structure that forms during transcription of this segment of the TrpA gene.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Transcription
Transcription is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the promoter region and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand using one of the DNA strands as a template. This process is crucial for gene expression, as it allows the information in genes to be translated into proteins.
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Eukaryotic Transcription
mRNA Structure
mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a single-stranded molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. The structure of mRNA includes a sequence of nucleotides that correspond to the coding sequence of a gene, with a 5' cap and a poly-A tail that protect the mRNA and facilitate its translation. Understanding the mRNA structure is essential for visualizing how the genetic code is expressed.
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03:53
Ribosome Structure
Intrinsic Termination
Intrinsic termination is a mechanism that signals the end of transcription in prokaryotes, such as bacteria. It occurs when a specific sequence in the newly synthesized RNA forms a stable hairpin structure followed by a series of uracil (U) nucleotides, causing RNA polymerase to dissociate from the DNA template. This process is vital for ensuring that transcription stops at the correct location, preventing the production of unnecessary RNA.
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