Describe how CRISPR–Cas has been modified to create a ge...

Question

Describe how CRISPR–Cas has been modified to create a genome-editing tool.

Accepted Answer

Hi, everyone. Welcome back. Let's look at our next question in CRISPR Cas technology. What do we call the R N A that has been engineered to complement the target DNA sequence? Choice? Am R N A BT R N A C R R A or D G R N A? So let's recall that CRISPR Cas technology. It's a method of genome engineering with the goal of editing DNA with hopefully the goal of someday being able to correct genetic disorders by fixing the mutation that causes them. And it's done by means of an R N A that's engineered as our question says to complement the DNA sequence that's targeted. And this guides the cas nine and zine to the target DNA, the CAS nine enzyme, then cleaves that target DNA and the cell's own repair machinery can be used to fix that DNA segment. So we said that the R N A that's complementary to the target DNA sequence guides the CAS nine enzyme. And that's the clue to our answer, which is choice D G R N A, the G standing for guide R N A. And if we didn't remember that uh one thing we might use to help us is that all the other answers here are A R N A types that are normally present in the cell. So, of course, M R N A or messenger R N A, the transcripts that result uh in the process of going from DNA gene to M R N A to protein choice BT R N A. Of course, those R N A s used to add amino acids to a growing protein. So not our answer. And then finally, choice C R R N A, the that ribosome R N A that makes up the ribosomes that translate R N A into protein. So also not our correct answer. So again, we have three R N A s normally found in the cell. And then our answer choice here. Choice of D G R N A is the one that's different from what's usually found in the cell. And that's the guide R N A used to help find the target DNA sequence that you're hoping to repair. See you in the next video.

Describe how CRISPR–Cas has been modified to create a genome-editing tool.

Key Concepts

CRISPR-Cas System

Genome Editing

Modifications of CRISPR-Cas

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