Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
Overview of Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
2:31 minutes
Problem 6a
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionOutline the roles of RNA in eukaryotic gene regulation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Types of RNA
In eukaryotic cells, several types of RNA play crucial roles in gene regulation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms the core of ribosome structure and function, while transfer RNA (tRNA) helps in translating mRNA into proteins. Additionally, non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are involved in regulating gene expression at various levels.
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Gene Silencing
Gene silencing is a regulatory mechanism that prevents the expression of specific genes. This process can occur through RNA interference (RNAi), where small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) bind to complementary mRNA sequences, leading to their degradation. This mechanism is essential for controlling gene expression in response to environmental changes and maintaining cellular homeostasis, thereby playing a significant role in development and disease.
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09:09
Mapping Genes
Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Regulation
Eukaryotic gene regulation occurs at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Transcriptional regulation involves the binding of transcription factors to promoter regions, influencing RNA polymerase activity. Post-transcriptional regulation includes processes such as splicing, editing, and the stability of mRNA, which determine the amount and functionality of the protein produced. Together, these regulatory mechanisms ensure precise control over gene expression.
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Eukaryotic Transcription
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