A number of human–mouse somatic cell hybrid clones were examined for the expression of specific human genes and the presence of human chromosomes. The results are summarized in the following table. Assign each gene to the chromosome on which it is located.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Review the table provided in the problem, which lists the expression of specific human genes and the presence of human chromosomes in various human–mouse somatic cell hybrid clones.
2. Step 2: Identify which human chromosomes are present in each hybrid clone and note the expression of specific human genes in those clones.
3. Step 3: For each gene, determine which chromosome is consistently present in the clones where the gene is expressed. This suggests that the gene is located on that chromosome.
4. Step 4: Cross-reference the presence of chromosomes and gene expression across all clones to ensure consistency and accuracy in assigning genes to chromosomes.
5. Step 5: Assign each gene to the chromosome where its expression correlates with the presence of that chromosome in the hybrid clones.

Key Concepts

Somatic Cell Hybridization

Somatic cell hybridization is a technique used to combine two different types of cells, typically from different species, to create a hybrid cell. This process allows researchers to study gene expression and chromosome behavior in a controlled environment. In the context of the question, human-mouse hybrids are used to identify the location of specific human genes on human chromosomes.

Gene Mapping

Gene mapping is the process of determining the specific locations of genes on chromosomes. This involves analyzing the expression of genes in hybrid cells to correlate them with the presence of specific chromosomes. Understanding gene mapping is essential for assigning genes to their respective chromosomes, as indicated in the question.

Chromosomal Analysis

Chromosomal analysis involves examining the structure and number of chromosomes in a cell. This can include techniques such as karyotyping or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to visualize chromosomes and identify specific genetic material. In the context of the question, chromosomal analysis is crucial for confirming the presence of human chromosomes in the hybrid clones and linking them to gene expression.