What general role does acetylation of histone protein am...

Question

What general role does acetylation of histone protein amino acids play in the transcription of eukaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

Hi, everyone. Let's look at our next question. Determine the enzyme or enzymes responsible for chromatin modification. Our choices are a Histon acetyl transfer aces B, histone D, acela C DNA methyl transfer aces or D all of the above. Well, let's just look through these enzymes. Think about what they do and determine which ones are responsible for modifying chromatin structure. Choice. A histone acetyl transfer races. Well, we've got a big clue right in the name his stone there. Since his toes are an essential part of that chromatin structure. And then of course, like many enzymes, the name tells us essentially what they do. They transfer acetyl groups and his Jono trench races add acetal groups to his stones which has the result of opening the chromatin structure which allows gene transcription as we can recall. So these enzymes definitely do modify chromatin structure. We're not going to pick that as our answer since we do have that all of the above option. But I'm just going to put a little dot here to indicate that it is correct. Now, let's look at choice. B again, we have something involving his stones and then D alas, well, this does exactly the opposite of choice. A, they remove the acetyl groups from his stones has the opposite effect of condensing the chromatin structure. And that reduces gene transcription. So we've got another enzyme that modifies chromatin. We now have one more than one correct answer. So in a hurry, we would know that choice. D all of the above must be our correct answer. But to be thorough here, we'll look at choice C DNA methyl transfers. Again, we've got our enzyme name giving us the function, this add methyl groups two DNA. And that essentially causes DNA, the DNA to wrap more tightly around the his toes, which causes the chromatin to become more condensed. And again, as we saw above that means less gene transcription. So DNA methyl methyl trans is another kind of enzyme that modifies chromatin. So as we said, our correct answer here as to which enzymes modify chromatin. Choice D all of the above. See you in the next video.

What general role does acetylation of histone protein amino acids play in the transcription of eukaryotic genes?

Key Concepts

Histone Acetylation

Chromatin Structure

Transcription Regulation

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