Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
11. Translation
Proteins
2:56 minutes
Problem 1a
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionSome proteins are composed of two or more polypeptides. Suppose the DNA template strand sequence 3′-TACGTAGGCTAACGGAGTAAGCTAACT-5′ produces a polypeptide that joins in pairs to form a functional protein.
What term is used to identify a functional protein like this one formed when two identical polypeptides join together?
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Polypeptide
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, which are formed during the process of translation in protein synthesis. Polypeptides fold into specific three-dimensional structures to become functional proteins. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is determined by the corresponding mRNA, which is transcribed from DNA.
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Dimer
A dimer is a type of protein complex formed when two identical polypeptides (monomers) join together. This interaction can occur through various types of bonding, such as hydrogen bonds or disulfide bridges, and is crucial for the protein's functionality. Dimers can exhibit unique properties that differ from those of individual polypeptides.
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Protein Structure
Protein structure refers to the specific arrangement of amino acids in a protein, which determines its function. Proteins have four levels of structure: primary (amino acid sequence), secondary (local folding patterns), tertiary (overall 3D shape), and quaternary (assembly of multiple polypeptides). Understanding these structures is essential for grasping how proteins interact and function in biological systems.
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