When the human genome is examined, the chromosomes appear to have...

Question

When the human genome is examined, the chromosomes appear to have undergone only minimal rearrangement in the 100 million years since the last common ancestor of eutherian mammals. However, when individual humans are examined or when the human genome is compared with that of chimpanzees, a large number of small indels and SNPs can be detected. How are these observations reconciled?

Accepted Answer

Hey, everyone. Let's take a look at this question together. When examining the genomes of different bird species. Researchers find that the order of genes on chromosomes is often conserved but there are many small genetic differences between species. How are these observations reconciled? Is it answer choice? A conserved symphony is maintained by small scale genetic changes such as point mutations and small inds. Answer choice B conserved Symphony is maintained by large scale chromosomal rearrangements. Answer choice C genetic differences between species are the result of mutations that disrupt gene order or answer choice D conserved symphony and genetic differences between species are unrelated phenomena. Let's work this problem out together to try to figure out which of the following observations are correct. So we are talking about the genomes of different species, specifically bird species and the order of their genes on the chromosomes being conserved, which the preservation of gene order on chromosomes between different species over long periods of time describes and served symphony. Which means we are looking for an answer choice that involves conserved symphony. So answer choice C can be eliminated. And we are also talking about many small genetic differences between species, which are things such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, various point mutations as well as insertions and deletions. And another name for these insertions and deletions are called in dels which the in comes from insertions and the dels comes from deletions. So looking at our answer choices, how are those observations reconciled? Well, answer choice A says conserve symphony maintained by small scale genetic changes such as those point mutations and small inds, which is true since the conservation of gene order can be maintained by those small genetic differences. So answer choice A is the correct answer. I hope you found this video to be helpful. Thank you and goodbye.

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