Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance
Organelle DNA
4:27 minutes
Problem 4
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionWhat is the evidence that transfer of DNA from the organelles to the nucleus continues to occur?
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Endosymbiotic Theory
The endosymbiotic theory posits that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. This theory explains the presence of their own DNA, which is similar to bacterial DNA, suggesting a historical transfer of genetic material. Understanding this theory is crucial for grasping how organelles may transfer DNA to the nucleus.
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Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the movement of genetic material between organisms other than through traditional reproduction. In the context of organelles, HGT can occur when DNA from mitochondria or chloroplasts is integrated into the nuclear genome, providing evidence of ongoing genetic exchange. This concept is essential for understanding how organelle DNA can influence nuclear function.
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Nuclear-Organelle Interactions
Nuclear-organelle interactions involve the communication and genetic exchange between the nucleus and organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. These interactions are vital for cellular function, as they regulate processes such as energy production and metabolic pathways. Evidence of DNA transfer from organelles to the nucleus highlights the dynamic relationship between these cellular components.
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